Peripheral Arterial Disease Threatens Many
In PAD, fatty deposits build up in arteries, reducing blood flow to the legs. Patients with PAD increase their risk for heart attack or stroke by two to six times. And according to the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA), one in every five people over age 70 has the disease.
"In advanced-stage PAD, the legs do not receive enough oxygen or nutrition, causing cell death," says APMA President Dr. Ross Taubman. "Legs develop open sores and can become gangrenous, often leading to amputation."
What causes PAD? The same behaviors that lead to coronary heart disease also increase PAD risk. Advanced age is one factor. Lifestyle also plays a role. Smoking and obesity-related health problems, like high blood pressure and high cholesterol, increase PAD risk. Smokers and diabetics with PAD are more likely to experience tissue death.
How can patients tell if they have PAD? The APMA provides the following list of symptoms:
- Claudication, or fatigue, cramping or pain in the legs that always occurs when you walk but goes away when you rest.
- Foot or toe pain that disturbs your sleep.
- Wounds or ulcers on your feet and toes that do not heal for eight to 12 weeks.
Patients might also see changes in skin tone and hair loss. But as only one in 10 PAD patients experiences symptoms, Americans at a high risk for heart disease or stroke should ask their APMA member podiatrist for an ankle-brachial index (ABI), a test in which doctors compare blood pressure in the arms and legs.
Patients with PAD can cut their risk of complications by quitting smoking, getting regular exercise and eating a healthy diet. Those already diagnosed should check their feet for damage daily and avoid wearing ill-fitting shoes or going barefoot.
For more information, visit the APMA Web site at www.apma.org.
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